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Sledging is a term used in cricket to describe the practice whereby some players seek to gain an advantage by insulting or verbally intimidating the opposing player. The purpose is to try to weaken the opponent's concentration, thereby causing him to make mistakes or underperform. It can be effective because the batsman stands within hearing range of the bowler and certain close fielders; and ''vice versa''. The insults may be direct or feature in conversations among fielders designed to be overheard. The term has also been used in other sports, as when the tennis player Nick Kyrgios insulted his opponent, Stan Wawrinka, by referring to a purported encounter between another player and the latter's girlfriend.〔http://edition.cnn.com/2015/08/13/tennis/kyrgios-wawrinka-tennis-sledge-montreal/index.html〕 There is debate in the cricketing world as to whether this constitutes poor sportsmanship or good-humoured banter.〔(BBC Sport: ''India board proposes sledging ban''. Retrieved on 2 November 2008. )〕 Sledging is sometimes interpreted as abuse, and it's acknowledged some comments aimed as sledges do sometimes cross the line into personal abuse, however this is not always the case. Sledging can sometimes be a humorous attempt at distraction. Former Australian captain Steve Waugh referred to the practice as 'mental disintegration'. ==Origin== Australian newspapers acknowledged "sledging" as a term in the mid-1970s. Despite the relatively recent coining of the term, the practice is as old as cricket itself, with historical accounts of witty banter between players being quite common. W. G. Grace and his brother E. M. were noted throughout their careers for being "noisy and boisterous" on the field. W. G. admitted that they used to "chaff" (i.e., tease) opponents, and this is seen as part of the gamesmanship for which E. M. and W. G. were always controversial.〔Rae, p.19.〕 According to Ian Chappell, the use of "sledging" as a term originated at Adelaide Oval in either the 1963–1964 or 1964–1965 Sheffield Shield competition. Chappell claims that a cricketer who swore in the presence of a woman was said to have reacted to an incident "like a sledgehammer". As a result, the direction of insults or obscenities at opponents became known as "sledging".〔Graham Seal, ''The Lingo: Listening to Australian English'' (University of New South Wales Press, 1999, ISBN 0-86840-680-5): page 141.〕 According to the BBC’s Pat Murphy: “My understanding is that it came from the mid-sixties and a guy called Grahame Corling, who used to open the bowling for New South Wales and Australia … apparently the suggestion was that this guy's wife was (an affair ) with another team-mate, and when he came into bat (fielding team ) started singing When a Man Loves A Woman, the old Percy Sledge number.”〔(BBC Radio 5Live, ‘Yes it's the Ashes’, 11 July 2009 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sledging (cricket)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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